Gas-producing apparatus.



G'. mmmimz y GAS PBDUGEEG APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILEDSSPT. M5, 1,907.

IMM/NTGR 2. sage M Mm; www EIT EN wf wrfnlssas MQVM ATTY G. MARCONNET. GAS PRODUGING APPARATUS.

PPLIGATIOH FILED SEPT. 16, 1907.

Patented Dec. 8, 1908.

SHEETS-SHEET 2.

mi' :i TN. 'if s (s .5t-3 HJVEMTOR imam@ mfi; @EMM-S MARCONN E1 Il, fa f G. MARCONNET. GAS `RRDGIIG- PPRATUS.

APPLIGATOH FILED SEPT. 16, 19o".

SETS-SHEET 3.

M |11 10 N M Patented Eea 8, 1998.

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GEoEGEs MABCONNET, or Panis, FRANCE.

GAS-PRODUCING APPARATUS.

Application l'ed September '16, 1907. Serial No. 393,192.

To all whom. Lt Imay concern:

Beit known that I, GEORGES MARCONNET,

/a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Faris, France, have invented Improvements in GasProducing Apparatus, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention has for its ob]ect to provide gas producing apparatus suitable for the product-ion of a combustible gas, adapted for 'heating -purposes or for motive force, from 'small combustibles of low price.

The combustible before being admitted into the gas generator properis reduced-to' `ine powder in suitable apparatus. This fine i powder isburned in the gas generator Vin the presence of a 'quant-ity of air which is so proportioned that the gas produced shall be rich in voxid of carbon and in hydrogen.- The combustion is effected in such a wa that the operation of cleaning maybe casi y carried out; in reality the usual cleaning operation is replaced by a tapping oi of vitreous clinker 'the temperature obtained and the form of the apparatus being such that the roduction of tars is avoided. The gases o tained only requireto be washed to be freed from dust. l n The apparatus comprises a gas generator t proper consisting of a vertical tower of mato the line A-A of Fig. 1. lcentral vertical section a gas generator furnishedf with means for generating water vasonry into the lower part of which a very intimate and well stirred mixture'of fine coal in the form of lour and air isforced as by means of a blower. The apparatus also com# prises means connected with the blower whereby 4the pulveru-lent combustible is sup liedthereto in .variable uantities contro ed'by the s eed of the b ower itself.

Figure 1f of t e accompanying drawings shows in central vertical section the general varrangement of apparatus embodying this invention according to one -construction. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section corresponding Fig. 3 shows 1n por. Fig. .4l is a horizontal section corresponding to the line B, B of Fig. 3. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are modifications shown -in vertical section. x

r is a hop er in which is laced a quantity of powdere coal suflicient or a run or working perio`d of some hours. In soni'e cases the hopper maj;r be supplied with fuel in a e011-,

tinuous oriintermittent manner as b f means of a screw conveyer or by any ot er well Specification of Letters Patent.

known device. terminates in a cylindrical portion 2 whic is open at its lower end andonwhicl'i'ismounted to slide with slight frictiona'eyliiidrical collar 3. Some centimeters'belowlthe cylinupon a vertical shaft 5 which is mounted to turn in -two bearings o and fir. jThe'plate4 slide' upon a mounted to turn in two bearings 10 and .1.1. The roller 8 can be moved towards or away from the center o f the plate .4 by means of a a constant speed of the shaft'Qtheremay-be belt pulleys 14, i5 and i6 and benin, sorbet blower. Powdered coal placed in the lio' vform of a cone the wall of which is constantly sliding downwardly and the height and conupon the distance ingfthe cylindrical collar 3.

he plate 4 carries around powderedcoal into which a small sera with a lconev of mounted to slide intwo guides 19, 20 and ing screw 21. Unde'i` the action of c t coal the size of which increases according to nd according -to the, extent tow 'en the the` distance betweentlie plate .4,and'the cylindrical collar 3. removes the powdered coal `more powderet the cone of powdered` co al onl.the"rotai;f plate l4 is continually beingy reforme A perfect form may lbe fuel by suitably arranging afixed bladey or in order to divide it moreeciently, onto an inclined plate 23 which may be `errang bears upon a friction rollerf8`arranged tol horizontal .sliaftf'Q 'which is,v

ufork lever 12 pivoted' at 13. l'ii this way, forj its speed depends 'upon the speed of the sequently also the diameter of which depend between the-bottom ofthe' c cylindrical collar 3 and the revolving plate 4., i This distance is regulated by lowering Aor rais: y j.

er 18 l` extends to a. predetermined extentft atis adustable for which purpose .thescraperisnl l can be locked in' desired position by a clamlp-4 As the scraper 18.

given to. this coneof.. g 1,05 -strickle against which the wallvoftheic'one I rubs as the plate 4 rotates. The powdered. Vcoal falls from the plate 4 a certain distance v- The lower end of the hop er drical portion 2 is a horizontal plate 4 keyed l ein per l spreads itself out over the plate4- int ve` scraper 18 and bythe rotatioiiottheplate 4 there is produced `a stream 22 'ofpoweredj the increase in` speed of therotating-.lplatel 4j scraper 18 is engaged in the cone ot powdered l coal, and also according to 'any'. increase ofv coal slides down from the hopper 1- so tha 70 i i obtained a variable speed ofthe plate 4. The shaft 9 is driven from tlie'blower `26"by as .c

passing the suction opening to turn about a shaft 24. Over this platev the powdered coal slides and fallsrom it in a sheet or shower of fine grains in ro'nt ofthe suction opening 25 of 'the blower 26. The mouth of the opening 25 may be more or less closed by means of an adjustable damper 27. determines the quantity of powdered coal 25'. The parti# cles of coallikely to be insufficiently burned through having too .great weight, cannot be drawn in the opening 25 by the blower 26, so that they fall into a chute 28 andare received in a box 29 fromwhich they are taken vout at intervals to be reground.

The gas generator properl comprises a vertical tower .of refractory masonry 30 to the lower` art of which the injection nozzle 31 of the lower 26 blows in the intimate mixture of powdered coal and air in properly proportioned quantities.' For the purpose of ign'iting the mixture -in the generator some small pieces of'ignited wood are passed therein through a door 32 which also serves for cleaning purposes and which after inser-' tion of the ignited wood is closed and the I vhopper .plate 4 and the blower 26 set in the injection nozzle 31 is'very energetic and' operation. The fine coal dust carried along by the air forms a cloudwhich inflames very4 readily on contact with the burning wood and thereby produces va powerful blo ipe jet under the iniiuence of which the wa s'of the generator become rapidly heated f to -redness and the combustion then continues of itself. The combustion at .the exit ,of

addedto the coal at the time of grinding or by a suitable luxin powderedl'form placed in the hopper 1- with the, powdered coal.

QIt is'important that the intimate mixture of c oal dust and air made outside thegas 'generator shall continue during the combustion. For this purpose the supply nozzle 31 is arranged tangentially as shown inFig. 2` so that the issuing -fuel and'air imparts a whirling motion to the gases. f

At th'ecommencement of a gas 'roducing operation a certain quantity oi ear onic acid as is `formed but as the temperature at the ower part of the gas generator `soon reaches close uponulO() to 1,60() degrees C. this car-` bonic acid gas is dissociated so that the. products of combustionl which pass towards the The inclination of the plate 23 ytop of the generator comprise o xd of car'-z bon, hydrogen, and coke'vresulting rom'the' combustion of the hydrocarbons andoxygen.A As these products move towards the u per end of the generator the combustion o the A y 1A l 1 Ai: 1 7

coke is com leted and the gases thereby b'e come capab of use for heating purposes 4and for the production of motive power. When used for the production of motive power it is advantageousfor the com Y osition of the gas to be unvarying. To ena le such gasY to be produced and to guard against the' effect of `x any irregularity in .they distribution oriany momentary lack ot powdered Icoal thegas 4generated may be caused totraverse a reduc-f ing column consisting as showfn inFig.l l'of' a f quantity'of coke 3 4 placed in piecesin the up" per part of the apparatus and resting uponl f two baffle slabs35 and 36. yThiscokecanlbeg inspected or 'poked through thetwo"pluggedv holesV 37 and 38. The gas leaves the generator by the p'pe 39 which leads ittothelappa-"J f f' ratus wherein it' is to bey used.

,With apparatus arranged asdescribed and?l d by reason of the high teinperatureatyflrrich:E the reactiontakes place thel tar is' coml ,let'ely" dissociated and there only remain init e gas produced traceso ammoniacal compoundsi so that such gas onlygrequires washingto free f it from" dust before being used..

If to be used for the production'of-motine power it is advantageous for thel gas', to .be

point some centimeters above the injection nozzle 31 of the' blower. This water'vapor lrich hydrogen; forthis purpose iwater xfa- .y f por may b'eJinjected into the generator jat-ainay be supplied from an independent source,

but it is preferable to produceit bymeans of.y .f .l I a boiler a located near theup erpart ot the f gas generator 'as shownin igs.` S-Qandfl. While the water vaporis'being producedthe. n j y.

gases cool down. Y i

I In gals generators constructed as deselibled..l y

the cleaning is so easily eifected that'coinbustibles, like schists, containing ofcirxders may be burned, but'when a gas' for motive power purposes be produced from simi-f.l lar combustibles the large quantity of cindefrs"l; carried along inthe ascending current of gas within the gas generator would chokeup'the intervals between the piecesofcoke', and" j stop` the working of the apparatus'. To over'-,

come such objection,.with a combustible of. l' this nature it is well to interposebetween the j coke .34A and the gas' outlet 39y an annula'n '1`2`0'Lv chamber t,` Fig. 3,.wh.ichy acts as a catch .A chamber and at the `bottomof which the j heavy cinders accumulate at c whence they may be removed through plugged'holes d.

The column of coke 34 maybe arranged at'V the side 'of thegas generator 3()as shown'iri ff Fig. 5, or, in Fig. 6,.Which latter arrangementis especially suitable for combustiblesjcorkY taining a large amount of cinder'and 'clinkers which are difficult touse. I'ln Fig. l6, 30 rep# resents the gas generator proper, e a dust chamber and 34 the reducing column.

In the arrangements described the lair and powdered coal are delivered to the gas generator by'means of a fan or blower 26 which blows the mixture into the gas generator.

Such blowerv might be placed at the outlet of;

the gas generator as shown-in Fig. l so as to draw the fuel in the gas generator b suction. In this case wat-er may be injected into the inoutli of the blower so that it fullils at lthe saine time the functions' of a washer. I n sorne'cases when producing gas intended for motive power the blowerl 26 may be dispensed with and in such cases the piston of the .gas motor would draw'in the air and the coal dust so that the gas generator acts after the "manner of a carburetei' on a petrol motor; it would in suoli cases form' a carbon inclination of the plate 23, or to adjust the extent to which the scraper 1S engages the rotary conical heap of powdered coal, or to move the fork lever 12, or to adjust the vertical position of the cylindrical collar 3, or

even to more or less close the damper 27;

these combinations or some of them being capable of being simultaneously employed.

What I claim is zy 1. In gas generating apparatus, a verti cally arranged combustion chamber, a conduitarranged to deliver powdered coal and air to' the lower part of said chamber, a rc- ,ducing column of Acoke in the path of combustible gasesproduced in said chamber, means adapted to cause air to entei' said conduit, means adapted to deliver a stream of powdered coal in the path of air entering said conduit and means controlled by said means that cause air to enter the said conduit adapted to control the-said powdered coal delivery means.

2. In gas generating apparatus, a vertically arranged combustion chamber, a conduit arranged to deliver powdered coal and air to the lower' part of said chamber, a reducing column of coke in the path Ofcombust'ible gases produced in said chamber, a dust chamber arranged to be traversed by gases owi'ng towards said reducing column, means adapt-ed to cause air to enter said conduit, means adapted t-o deliver a stream of wdered coal in the path of -air entering said conduit and means controlled by said means vsaid l latforiii as it rotates,- means that cause air to enter the said conduit adapted to control the saidpowderedco'al delivery means.

- 3. In gas generating apparatus, a'conibus-y i tion chamber, a conduit arranged to deliver powdered coal. and air to said chamber, a blower adapted to cause air to enter said conduit, a rotary platformadaptedtoreceive powdered coal driven from said blower, means whereby powdered coal is drawn oli said platform as it rotates, and means for leading powdered coal drawn offV from said platform in the path of air entcringsaid con- 4. In gas generating apparatus, a coinbus` tion chamber, 'a conduit arranged ,to deliver powdered coal and air to saildchamber, a blower adapted to causevair t-o enter said conduit, a rotaryplatform adapted'to receive powdered coal driven from said blower, a lived but adjustable scraper adapted to draw powdered coal oil' said platform'as it rotates,

and' means for leadingpowdered coal drawn off from said platform in the path 'of air en-` tering said conduit.

\5. In gas generating apparatus, a combustion chamber, a conduit arranged todeliver powdered coal and air to said'chiimber, :i l

blower adapted to cause air to enter said conduit, a rotary platform adapted to receive powdered coal driven from said blower, means whereby powdered coal is drawn oit' said platform as it rotates, and an inclined pivoted plate adapted to guide powdered coal drawn oil froinsaid-platform in the path of air entering said conduit.

6. In ga's generating apparatus, a combusf tion chamber, a conduit arranged to deliver owdered-coal and air to said chamber, a lilower adapted to cause air to enter said conduit, a rotary platform adapted'to receive powdered coal driven from said blower, means whereby owdered coal is di'awn oit for leading ow( ered coal drawn oli` from said ,platform 1n the path of air damper adapted to control the mouth of said conduit.

ioo

.110 entering said conduit and a' 7. In gas generating apparatus, a combustion-chamber, a conduit arrangedto deliver 'powdered coal and air to said chamber, a.

lower adapted to cause air to enter said conduit, a rotary platform adapted 4to receive' powdered coal driven from said blower, a hopper for powdered coal located above said platform, adjustable means for controlling the distance between the exi't of said hopper and said platform, means whereby powdered coal is drawn ofi said platform as it rotates, and means 'for leading powdered coal draw off from said platform in the path of air cntering said conduit.

S. In gas generating apparatus, a combustion chamber, a conduit arranged to deliver powdered coal and air to said chamber, a

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blower -adapted to .cause air toA enter said conduit, a rotary platform adapted vto receive opper for powdered coal located above said platform, a sliding .collar onth'e discharge.

en'd. of said hopper, means whereby ow'- owdered coal driven from said blower, a'

dered coal isdrawn off said platform .as 1t ro-7 tateS, andmeans for leading 'powdered coal drawn vod from said (platform 1n the path of.

e'nternigs'aid con l v 9. In-gas-'generating apparatus, a combustion chamber, fa conduit arran ed todeliver powdered coaland air to sa'.i l chamber, a lower adapted to. cause air-,ato enter said 'to rotate said plat ormby frictional contact therewith, driving means connecting said rotates, andymeans for lea powdered of air entering-said conduit.

conduit, a rotary latforrinja roller adapted -10.";In gas generating apparatus, a coim-I .bustion chamben a .conduit arranged to,A de-v powdered coal and air. to said chamber,` f means adapted to cause-air'to enter saidl e011-,v

vduit,';n,1eans adapted todelivera stream ofA powdered'fcoalin the path-of a'ir entering said conduit, and'a centriug'altdevice .driven bysaid means that cause-air to enter:saidV conduit adapted to'e'ontrol thesaid. powdered coal delivery 'means to r' late the distribution of the" powdered coa so as'to produce only carbonic oxid.

Vadapte d formas it rotates, an inclined pivoted plate owdered coal drawn off adapted 'to guide v from said platform 1n the path of air entering 1,1. In gas generating apparatus, a combustion chamber, a conduit arran ed to deliver powdered coal and air to sai chamber, a

lower adapted to causeair toenter said conduit, a rotary latform adapted to receive powdered coa driven from said blower,

.a lfixed but vadjustable scraper adapted to ldraw. powdered coal ofi said platform as it rotates, an inclined pivoted plate adapted to guide powdered coalA drawn off from .said

platform inthe path of air enteringsaid con-V uit, andadamper adapted to control the\` mouth of said conduit.v d

. 12. In gas generating apparatus, a combustion chamber, a conduit arranged to deliver pewdeed coal and air to said chamber,

a blower adapted to cause air to enter said conduit, a rotary platform adaipted to receive powdered coal d riven from sai blower, ahoper forpowderedcoal located above said platcrm, a sliding' collar on the discharge end of said hdppena .fixed but .adjustable scra er to draw powdered coal off said p atsaid'conduit', ,and a damper adapted -to vcontrol the. mouth of said conduit.

v Signed at Paris, France this fourth day of September 1907.

GEORGES MARCoNN-'Er Witnesses:

H. @.C'OXE, HENRI MoNIN. 

